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Proxy Server | How a Proxy Server Works | Types of Proxy Server
What is a proxy server?
A proxy server is an intermediary server that retrieves data from an internet source, such as a webpage, on behalf of the client. They act as additional data security boundaries protecting the client from malicious activity on the internet.
Proxy servers have many different uses, depending on their configuration and type. Common uses include facilitating anonymous internet browsing, geo-blocking and regulating web requests.
How a proxy server works?
Every computer has its unique IP address which it uses to communicate with another node. Similarly, the proxy server has its own IP address that your computer knows. When a web request is sent, your request goes to the proxy server first. The proxy server sends a request on your behalf to the internet and then collect the data and make it available to you. A proxy server can change your IP address So, the web server will unable to fetch your location in the world. It protects data from getting hacked too. Moreover, it can block some web pages also.
Benefits of using a proxy server
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Enhanced security: Can act like a firewall between your systems and the internet. Without them, hackers have easy access to your IP address, which they can use to infiltrate your computer or network.
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Private browsing, watching, listening and shopping: Use different proxies to help you avoid getting inundated with unwanted ads or the collection of IP-specific data.
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Access to location-specific data: You can designate a proxy server with an address associated with another country. You can, in effect, make it look like you are in that country and gain full access to all the content computers in that country are allowed to interact with.
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Prevent employees from browsing inappropriate or distracing sites: You can use it to block access to websites that run contrary to your organization’s principles. Also, you can block sites that typically end up distracting employees from important tasks. Some organizations block social media sites like Facebook and others to remove time-wasting temptations.
Types of Proxy Server
While all proxy servers give users an alternate address with which to use the internet, there are several different kinds of proxy servers.
Forward Proxy Server
A forward proxy server sits in front of the client and is used to get data to groups of users within internal networks. When a request is sent, the proxy server examines it to decide whether it should proceed with making connection.
A forward proxy server is best suited for internal networks that need a single point of entry. It provides IP address security for those in the network and allows for straightforward administrative control. However, a forward proxy server may limit an organization's ability to cater to the needs of individual end-users.
Reverse Proxy Server
Unlike a forward proxy server, which sits in front of clients, a reverse proxy is positioned in front of web servers and forward requests from a browser to the web servers. It works by intercepting requests from the user at the network edge of the web server. It then sends the requests to and receives replies from the origin server
Reverse proxies are a strong option for popular websites that need to balance the load of many incoming requests. They can help an organization reduce bandwidth load because they act like another web server managing incoming requests. The downside is reverse proxies can potentially expose the HTTP server architecture if an attacker is able to penetrate it. This means network administrators may have to beef up or reposition their firewall if they are using a reverse proxy.
Web Proxy Server
Web Proxy forwards the HTTP requests, only URL is passed instead of a path. The request is sent to particular the proxy server responds. Examples, Apache, HAP Proxy.
Anonymous Proxy Server
This type of proxy server does not make an original IP address instead these servers are detectable still provides rational anonymity to the client device.
High Anonymity Proxy Server
A high anonymity proxy is an anonymous proxy that takes anonymity one step further. It works by erasing your information before the proxy attempts to connect to the target site.
The server is best suited for users for whom anonymity is an absolute necessity, such as employees who do not want their activity traced back to the organization. On the downside, some of them, particularly the free ones, are decoys set up to trap users in order to access their personal information or data.
Transparent Proxy Server
This type of proxy server is unable to provide any anonymity to the client, instead, the original IP address can be easily detected using this proxy. But it is put into use to act as a cache for the websites. A transparent proxy when combined with gateway results in a proxy server where the connection requests are sent by the client then, then IP are redirected. Redirection will occurs without the client IP address configuration. HTTP headers present on the server-side can easily detect its redirection .
Distorting Proxy Server
A distorting proxy identifies itself as a proxy to a website but hides its own identity. It does this by changing its IP address to an incorrect one.
Distorting proxies are a good choice for people who want to hide their location while accessing the internet. This type of proxy can make it look like you are browsing from a specific country and give you the advantage of hiding not just your identity but that of the proxy, too. This means even if you are associated with the proxy, your identity is still secure. However, some websites automatically block distorting proxies, which could keep an end-user from accessing sites they need.
Datacenter Proxy Server
Data center proxies are not affiliated with an internet service provider (ISP) but are provided by another corporation through a data center. The proxy server exists in a physical data center, and the user’s requests are routed through that server.
Data center proxies are a good choice for people who need quick response times and an inexpensive solution. They are therefore a good choice for people who need to gather intelligence on a person or organization very quickly. They carry the benefit of giving users the power to swiftly and inexpensively harvest data. On the other hand, they do not offer the highest level of anonymity, which may put users’ information or identity at risk.
Residential Proxy Server
A residential proxy server gives you an IP address that belongs to a specific, physical device. All requests are then channeled through that device.
Residential proxies servers are well-suited for users who need to verify the ads that go on their website, so you can block cookies, suspicious or unwanted ads from competitors or bad actors. Residential proxies are more trustworthy than other proxy options. However, they often cost more money to use, so users should carefully analyze whether the benefits are worth the extra investment.
Public Proxy Server
A public proxy server is accessible by anyone free of charge. It works by giving users access to its IP address, hiding their identity as they visit sites.
Public proxies servers are best suited for users for whom cost is a major concern and security and speed are not. Although they are free and easily accessible, they are often slow because they get bogged down with free users. When you use a public proxy, you also run an increased risk of having your information accessed by others on the internet.
Shared Proxy Server
Shared proxies are used by more than one user at once. They give you access to an IP address that may be shared by other people, and then you can surf the internet while appearing to browse from a location of your choice.
Shared proxies are a solid option for people who do not have a lot of money to spend and do not necessarily need a fast connection. The main advantage of a shared proxy is its low cost. Because they are shared by others, you may get blamed for someone else’s bad decisions, which could get you banned from a site.
SSL Proxy Server
A secure sockets layer (SSL) proxy provides decryption between the client and the server. As the data is encrypted in both directions, the proxy hides its existence from both the client and the server.
These proxies are best suited for organizations that need enhanced protection against threats that the SSL protocol reveals and stops. Because Google prefers servers that use SSL, an SSL proxy, when used in connection with a website, may help its search engine ranking. On the downside, content encrypted on an SSL proxy cannot be cached, so when visiting websites multiple times, you may experience slower performance than you would otherwise.
Rotating Proxy Server
A rotating proxy assigns a different IP address to each user that connects to it. As users connect, they are given an address that is unique from the device that connected before it.
Rotating proxies are ideal for users who need to do a lot of high-volume, continuous web scraping. They allow you to return to the same website again and again anonymously. However, you have to be careful when choosing rotating proxy services. Some of them contain public or shared proxies that could expose your data.
How to Get a Proxy Server
There are hardware and software versions. Hardware connections sit between your network and the internet, where they get, send, and forward data from the web. Software proxies are typically hosted by a provider or reside in the cloud. You download and install an application on your computer that facilitates interaction with the proxy.
Often, a software proxy can be obtained for a monthly fee. Sometimes, they are free. The free versions tend to offer users fewer addresses and may only cover a few devices, while the paid proxies can meet the demands of a business with many devices.
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